ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of metformin on glucolipid metabolic disorders and liver lipid deposition caused by clozapine in rats.Methods From 1 d to 4 d,Clozapine 5 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 was gavaged,and the dose increased to 25 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 from the 5th day.Metformin 100 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 or 400 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 or simvastatin 1 mg· kg -1 ·d -1 was gavaged from the 15th day.The total period of dosing was 8 weeks.Body mass,fasting blood sugar (FBS) and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (2hPBG)were measured at baseline,3 d,1 week,2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks and 8 weeks.At the end of the 8th week,serum cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein (LDL -C), high density lipoprotein (HDL -C),fructosamine (FA)and insulin (IRS)were measured and liver HE staining was done.Results There were no significant differences of the measured indexes between control group and metformin group at the all test points.By the end of the 6th and 8th week,compared with control group,the body mass,FBS,2hPBG,IRS, FA,TC,TG and LDL -C were significantly increased in clozapine group (P <0.05 ),while HDL -C decreased in clozapine group (P <0.05).Compared with clozapine group,body mass,FBS,2hPBG,IRS,FA,TC,TG and LDL -C were significantly decreased by metformin or simvastatin administration (P <0.05),while HDL -C increased(P <0.05).Rat liver cells in clozapine group were not neat around the small blood vessels;there were more white fat cells and hepatocellular lipid calm far away from the blood vessels.However,in other groups,there were moderate white fat cells, and there were not much hepatocellular lipid calm far away from the blood vessels.Conclusion Metformin could effectively prevent and treat weight gain,glucolipid metabolic disorder and liver lipid deposition caused by clozapine.
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose:Both nature killer cells(NK)and cytoxic T lymphocytes in the body tissues of human are the dominant components of cellular immunity,This study was done to explore the degree of infiltration of NK/T in lung squamous cell carcinoma and its relation to patient survival and prognosis.Methods: CCD8 as the markers cytoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)and CD56 as the markers natural killer(NK)were stained immunohistochemically to detect the distribution and infiltration in the lung squamous cell carcinoma specimens. Results:In 39 of 68 lung neoplasm,whose CTL infiltration was zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 18%, while in 29 with marked CTL infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 42%.In 46 of 68 lung neoplasm,whose NK infiltration was zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 14%,while in 22 with marked NK infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 45%.In 48 of 68 lung neoplasm,both the NK and T cells were zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 33%,while in 20 with marked NK and T cell infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 54%.The five-year survival difference among the patients with NK,T infiltration either marked or zero/mild infiltration were significant(x~2=18.62, P=0.00).Conclusions:The degree of NK and T infiltration is positively correlated with the prognosis and survival time of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.